Safe-lock



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SAFE

No. 522,153. Patented June 26, 1894.

(No Model.) v

G. L. DAMON. SAFE LOCK.

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Patented Ju ne 26, 1894.

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet3. I

G- L. DAMON. SAFE LOOK.

' Patented 111119 26, 1894,

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SAFE LOGK.

No. 522.153. Patented June 26, 1894. Z3;

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PATENT FFrcE.

GEORGE L. DAMON,-OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

SAFE-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 522,153, dated June 26,1894:.

Application filed May 21, 1892. Serial No. 433,876- (No model.)

To all whom it may cancer-15,.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. DAMON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Boston, in the county of Sulfolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for EfiectingSolid Seating of Doors and J ambs, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of my invention is to provide means automatically operatingduring or after the shooting of the bolts to compensate for, obstruct,or avoid the lost motion or backlash between the holding bolts and jambof a vault, safe or other receptacle and thereby preventing the doorbeing slightly drawn back and leaving a space for the admission of toolsor explosives.

My invention may be carried out in numerous ways all of which embrace acommon idea of combining with the vault and locking mechanism, meansoperating independently of the locking movement of the bolts for drawingand holding the door closely to its seat and thereby taking up theback-lash and holding the stepped sides of the door in contact with thejamb throughout their meeting faces.

In the accompanying drawings: Figures 1, 2,and 3 represent a transversesection through a portion of a door and jamb, Figs. 1 and 2 illustratingthe back-lash to be overcome and Fig. 3 illustrating the manner ofovercoming it. Fig. 4 represents in elevation the interior face ofa doorand a portion of the surrounding jamb to which one form of my inventionis applied. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of a portion of Fig. 4,showing a wedge inserted. Fig. 6 represents a section through thecontiguous portions of a door and jamb just above a bolt, andillustrates a simplified form of my invention. Figs. 7 and 8 are detailviews in elevation and plan respectively .illustrating a furthermodification, which operates similarly to the form shown in Fig. 4.Figs. 9, 10, and 11 represent a further modification in which fluidpressure is utilized for interposing and withdrawing the filling betweenthe bolts and jarnb, Fig. 9 being a view of the inner face of the doorand a portion of the jamb to which the system is applied, Fig. 10, adetail view of the fitting medium and Fig. 11 a sectional detail view ofthe valve.

Figs. 12, and 13, represent a further modified system and detail formingpart, thereof, the plan being similar to that of Fig. 4 but applied to acircular door. Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate a further modification.

In Figs. 1,2, and 3 is represented a section through the jamb 5 of asafeor vault, of ordinary construction. Clearance at point 1 Fig. 1, isnecessary for the proper working of thebolts 8. The bolt work beinglocked, and the door 6 drawn outward to the full amount of clearance 1,produces an. opening or space between the door and j amb as shown in anexaggerated form at 3, in Fig. 2. Through this opening, as is wellknown, it is possible to force liquid or other explosive substances,wedges, &c., whereby the destruction of the door may be effected. Thishas always been a serious weakness in all so-called burglar-proof doors.My invention consists in various ways and means for preventing orovercoming this back-lash as by interposing an obstacle or filling suchas wedge 4, Fig. 3, or

by other means to be hereinafter specified.

Fig. 4 represents one system forautomatically introducing behind thelocking bolts of a vault or safe door at the time of looking, a seriesof Wedges and of automatically withdrawing same at time of unlocking. 5represents the inside face of the jamb, 6 the door, 7 bolt work of anyordinary well known design, 8 the locking belts in locked position, 9 acombination or other lock, 10 a time lock, and 11, 12 lock connection ofordinary construction. 13 is a weighted frame suitably mounted to beraised and to drop. 14 are wedges mounted so as to move freely in avertical plane upon studs 15, and designed to fall of their own weightbehind the looking bolts 8 and fill tightly the spaces between saidbolts and jamb 5. 16 represents balanced levers pivoted on studs 17 oneend of each of which has a projecting lug 18, Fig. 5, which is engagedby projectionsll9, 20, of frame 13; the other end being in line with andengaged by projecting lugs 21 on wedges 14. Frame 13 is'supported uponand guided by studs 22. 23 are wedges pivoted at 24 weighted at 25 andhaving cam projections 26 which engage with, projecting pins 27 on theframe 13. 28. is a pinion journaled on jamb 5 and this pinion has asquare head 30 adapted to receive a key or wrench. The pinion 28 is inengagement with rack 31 which is fast to and a part of frame 13. By thismeans the frame may be raised to set position. To retain the frame inraised position, a shoulder 32 on a rod 33 having a horizontal movementthrough bearings 34, is adapted to be projected by a spring 35 intoengagement with a notch 36 in the frame 13. The spring 35 is confined onsaid rod 33 between the shoulder 32 and outer bearing 34.29isashoulderprojectinginward from frame 13. 37 and 38 are extensions ofthe bolt 39 of time lock 10 and bolt 40 of combination or other lock 9.41 is a bolt pivoted at 42 to yoke 43 which is in turn pivoted at 44, 45to extension pieces 37, 38.

The operation of this device is as follows: Before the door is closedfor locking, pinion 28 is turned by a wrench in the proper direction forraising the frame 13 whose projecting lugs 46 engage with lugs 21 ofwedges 14 and carry said wedges up to the upper limit of their movement,indicated in Fig. 4, (see also Fig. 5.) At the same time pins 27 engagecams 26 of weighted and pivoted wedges 23 and cause said wedges to swingaway from the positions to be occupied by locking bolts 8 when door isclosed. Upon reaching this upper position, frame 13 is caught and heldby lug 32 which engages beneath the shoulder 36 by reason of its spring35 as soon as said shoulder passes above said lug. The frame being thusset, the door may now be closed and forced tightly to its seat by meansof the usual pressure handles. The holding bolts are then either shot byhand or automatically, the lock bolts are thrown and the locks locked.As the holding bolts are thrown,the rod 33 is engaged by theend of oneof them and moved outward thereby disengaging lug 32 from the shoulder36 and permitting the frame 13 to fall by its own weight, until checkedby the projection 29 striking the bolt 41 in which position it is helduntil the locks are unlocked. The frame in falling disengages itsprojections 46 from lugs 21 of wedges 14, also pins 27 from cams 26 ofpivoted wedges 23, thus permitting said wedges 14 and 23 to fall bytheir own weight and force themselves tightly between the holding bolts8 and the jamb 5, making it impossible to move the door outwardly at anypoint. All wedges remain in this position until the door is unlocked.The operation of unlocking is as followsz-Time lock 10 through its bolt39 withdraws the obstruction to the bolt work 7 and through lever 37,and yoke 43 partly withdraws sliding bolt 41 from beneath projection 29.Lock 9 is then unlocked and through its bolt 40 withdraws obstructions12, and through lever 38, and yoke 43 completes the withdrawal ofsliding bolt 41 and through it the release of projection 29 of frame 13.Frame 13 then completes its downward movement and in so doing the upperlugs 19 engage lugs 18 of pivoted levers 16,

rocking said levers on their pivots 17 and through the inner ends ofsaid levers, raising wedges 14 and withdrawing them from their positionsbehind locking boltsS. Pins 27 of frame 13 simultaneously engage cams 26of weighted wedges 23, withdrawing said wedges 23 likewise from behindbolts 8. The bolts 8 being thus released, are easily withdrawn and thedoor opened in the usual way.

Fig. 6, shows a simplified form of the wedge principle. The bolts 8being beveled as at 50 and corresponding wedge-shaped blocks 51 beingmade fast to jamb 5 directly in the line of said bolts, the door 6 isclosed, the bolts are thrown as far as possible and they ride upon thewedge-shaped seats 51, thus drawing the door tightly into its jamb andleaving no clearance or back-lash.

Figs. 7 and 8, show a modified form of the drop frame shown in Fig. 4.52 is a weighted rod corresponding to frame 13, in Fig. 4, and intendedto have similar movements, adjustments, guides and trips. 8 is thelockin g bolt. 53 is a wedge-shaped cam, thick at point 54, thin atpoint 55, and having an arm 56. This cam is pivoted at 57 to jamb 5. Ator near the point 55 the cam 53 carries a projecting pin 58, while thearm 56 carries a projecting pin 59. The rod 52 has made fast to it, arms60 and 61. In operation the rod 52 is lifted, dogged, tripped, caught bylock bolt, released, &c., precisely like frame 13 in Fig. 4. As the rod52 is raised arm 61 engages pin 58 and causes cam 53 to swing upon itspivot 57 until the thin part 55 is directly under the bolt 8, so thatsaid bolt may be readily shot into locked position. Upon reachingsuchlocked position, the bolt 8 trips the rods 52 as hereinbefore describedwith reference to the frame in Fig. 4 and the rod 52 then falls toposition indicated in Fig.7. Weighted cam 53 is there by released and italso falls and wedges it self tightly between bolt 8 and jamb 5. Inunlocking, rod 52 completes its fall, and arm 60 engages pin 59 in itsdownward path, and withdraws cam 53 through pivot 57 and arm 56 frombehind bolt 8, thus releasing said bolt which may then be easilywithdrawn.

Fig. 9, Sheet 4, shows a system for using fluid pressure for insertingand removing a filling between the bolts and jambs, the filling in thiscase being screws located in the jamb directly in line with the lockingbolts. 5 indicates the inside face of a vault or safe jamb, 6 is thedoor to same and 7 represents bolt-work of any ordinary construction. 62is a lock of any kind. 63 is an air compressor or pump of ordinaryconstruction, secured at points 64 to jamb 5. 65 isa large tank orreceiver having pipes 66, 67, connecting it respectively with the pumpand with the system. 68 is a valve, having a controlling lever valve 68to unlocking cylinders 86, 87, 88, 89. 90, are piston rods connectedwith pistons in the respective cylinders and having connections 91 atcenter with pins 92, which are fast to and made a part of levers 93,which are in turn attached to screws 94. 8 are the locking bolts of thedoor.

In Fig. 10 is shown an enlarged view of the screws 94.

In Fig. 11 is shown a section through valve 68 on an enlarged scale, 97being the inlet, 98 the outlet to pipe 74, 99 the outlet to pipe 82, and100 the escape vent.

The operation is as follows:Before closing the door, the receivingcylinder is filled with compressed air by means of the pump 63 whichmaybe operated by hand, foot, electric or other power. The door is thenclosed and the bolt-work locked. The operating levers 70, 71 interlockat point 103 at the time of closing the door, thus putting lock 62 indirect communication with the valve 68. Said lock is then thrown intolocked position, by which movement the valve 68 is thrown into positionindicated in Fig. 11, when air will pass through pipe 67, valve 68,pipes 74, 75, 76 and 77, into cylinders 78, 79, and 81, forcing thepiston rods 90, downward, to their lower limit of movement. Thismovement is transmitted to screws 94 through pins 92, and levers 93,turning said screws until they seat themselves positively againstholding bolts 8, where they remain until the door is unlocked. Theoperation of unlocking is as followsz-Lock 62 is unlocked, and moves thevalve 68 into the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 11. This allowsthe air to escape from cylinders 78, 79, 80, 81, back through the samepipes by which it entered them and out at the vent of the valve, and atthe same time allows the air from the cylinder 65 to pass through pipes67, valve 68, pipes 82, 83,84 and 85, into large cylinders 86, 87, 88,and 89 which forces pistons 90, upward, and-reverses the locking mo tionof the screws 94, thereby releasing the holding bolts and permitting thedoor to be opened.

Fig. 12, shows another system for the use of wedges similar in principleand operation to Fig. 4, but combining the use of springs andelectricity. 5 is the inside face of the jamb and 6 is the door, whichare in this case, circular in shape. 7 represents boltwork of anyordinary construction, 8 are the locking bolts and 62 is a lock of anykind. 105 is a frame supported by and having alimited revolution uponstuds 106, and 107 are wedges moving freely upon studs 108. 109 arespiral springs, one end of each of which engages a wedge 107 while theothers are sustained by lugs 111 on the jamb 5. 112 are lugs on frame105, and 113 isashoulder,likewise on said frame and designed to engagethe end 114 of lever 115 which is pivoted at 116 to jamb 5, and hasanother end 117 which engages one of the bolts 8. 118 is a rack cut inthe outer periphery of frame 105, and 119 is apinion meshing with rack118 and made fast to shaft 120. 121 is a gear wheel also made fast toshaft and meshing with a pinion 122 upon shaft 123 of armature 124 ofelectric motor 125. The motor 125 is made fast at 126 to jamb 5. 127 isan insulated contact arm and 128, 129 are contact points. The contactarm is carried by the bolt of the lock and the contacts 128, 129 areconnected by wires 130, 1-31 with a source of electricity 132 and themotor 125 in such a manner as to make'a complete circuit when thecontact arm is on both contact points.

. The operation of this system is as follows:-

The door is closed and the bolt-work is thrown and locked in the usualmanner. The action of throwing the bolts disengages the hook end 114 ofthe pivoted holdinglever 115, from the projection 113 of frame 105.Springs 109, force the wedges 107 (shown enlarged in Fig. 13) tightlybetween the holding bolts 8 and jamb 5, at the same time carrying frame105, by means of engaging lugs 112 around with them. Theoperation ofunlocking is as follows :-Lock 62 is unlocked, electrical contact points128 and 129 are connected by means of contact arm 127 which is made fastto but insulated from lock'bolts 8. This completesthe circuit fromgenerator 131, which energizes motor 125. The armature 124 of the motor125 revolving in the proper direction rotates the frame 105, throughpinion 122, gear wheel 121 and pinion 119 and through the frame 105 andlugs 112 withdraws the wedges, so that the bolts are free and the doormay be opened.

Figs. 14 and 15 show another form of accomplishing the same result. Thebolt 8 is made with an enlarged eccentric end 135. In operation thebolts are first thrown as in ordinary construction and then revolved byany well known mechanical device until the cam or eccentric end takespositive bearing on the jamb 5.

It will be seen that in all the above four forms, the back-lash iseffectively taken up and the door held to its seat. Many other forms ofmechanism might be devised for accomplishing the same result. Thereforewhile preferring some one or more constructions for various reasons, Ido not limit myself to any particular form of apparatus.

Having thus described my invention, the

following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by LettersPatent:

' 1. In a vault or safe, the combination of the door the jamb, aboltcarried by the door and projecting over the jamb, and the hereindescribed filling piece and means to move it into and withdraw it fromthe space between the bolt and jamb independently of the locking andunlocking movement of the bolt, for the purpose explained.

2. In asafe or vault, the combination with a door and its jamb, of thelocking bolt mounted on the door and engaging the jamb, the gravitatingfilling piece, arranged to enter thespace bearings or filling-pieces forwithdrawing them, substantially as described.

4. In combination with a vault or safe havinga door and lockin g bolts;the bearings or filling pieces movable independently of the 5 lockingmovement of said bolts, to take up 1 the back-lash, the movable frameholding the bearings or filling-pieces normally away from the bolts, adetent for said frame, and a connection between the detent and thebolts,

whereby the former is released by the shooting of the latter,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination with a safe or vault, havin g a door and jamb, lockingbolts on one part engaging the other,wedging filling pieces movableindependently of the locking movement to bring them into the spacebetween the bolts and the part engaged thereby and the gravitating framehaving detents released respectively by the locking and unlocking of thesafe, and located to arrest the frame, in its uppermost and in anintermediate position, said frame having working connections with l thewedging filling pieces to withdraw them when at its limits of movement,butreleasing them at its intermediate position, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

GEO. L. DAMON. Witnesses:

HERVEY S. KNIGHT, GEORGE E. CRUSE.

